PHOTOSTUDY
(Last
modified on May 22,
2011)
TOTAL: 8,677 PICTURES
(distributed in 125 species)
This portion of our web
site provides extensive photographic studies (24 to 120 pictures) of
individual orchid species. The first miniature of each photo album
series is a link to a South American distribution map, and discusses
occurrences in Brazilian states, habit, altitude, blooming time, etc.
The second picture of each series is a floral analysis in metric scale.
The remaining pictures represent vegetative aspects, inflorescence, and
detailed floral morphology of the ovary, perianth, and column
(including clinandrium, wings, rostellum, pollinarium, anther cap,
stigmatic aperture and eventually stigmatic tabula). Species are
listed using the currently accepted name; the basionym is listed for
each species. Other synonyms can be found in the Photos menu link.
To learn something about a specific species, we suggest you start at
our Photos menu link, where the genera of the world are presented. If
there is a miniature picture in the Photos menu link, open that link.
If there are additional photos (Photostudy) there will be a
corresponding link below the synonyms section of our Photoalbum.
Many of Brazilian genera,
especially
those derived from Oncidium, like Grandiphyllum, Alatiglossum, Baptistonia, Carenidium, Coppensia and Rhinocidium have been organized
in alliances and complexes based on morphological characteristics which
facilitate identification.
Our hope is that eventually all species will have links to our
Photostudy menu. This is a work in progress. Not all species are listed
in this Photostudy menu, only the ones we have completed or are
currently working.
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All the pictures inside this
website have been adjusted to the standard color space for
Microsoft Windows ® and Internet, so we recommend that you adjust
your monitor to sRGB IEC 61966-2.1 color space (gamma 2.2) so
you can see the true
color of the pictures. You can do it following the instructions on this
page.
Usually the modern cameras are factory preset to take pictures with
sRGB color space. However the more sophisticated ones have a menu setup
to select two different color spaces: sRGB IEC 61966-2.1 and Adobe RGB.
Adobe RGB is the standard for CMYK model so is more suitable for
graphic professional printing like color books and magazines while sRGB
is the standard for RGB model, suitable for Internet, inkjet printing
and many other situations.
Thus, when you take pictures that you intend to post in e-mail
messages, blogs or websites, via Internet, select your choice for sRGB
IEC 61966-2.1 space color on your camera to embed this profile on each
picture metadata file (exif).
Remember that you also will need select this color space on your
editing image software to see the true color embeded on exif.
Oncidium Sw. (derived genera)
(the list here is not complete, only genera and species for which
the photostudy is completed)
A. Trichocentrum group
Cohniella
(11 species)
Species with
inconspicuous pseudobulbs and always only one terete leaf.
Cohniella
cebolleta Complex
Cohniella cebolleta (Jacq.)
Christenson, Lindleyana 14: 177 (1999).
* Dendrobium
cebolleta
Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl.: 30 (1760).
Cohniella lacera (Lindl.)
ined.
* Oncidium lacerum
Lindl.,
Edwards's
Bot. Reg. 30(Misc.): 30 (1844).
Other species
Cohniella aguirrei (Königer)
Königer, Arcula 10: 280 (2000).
* Stilifolium aguirrei Königer,
Arcula
9:
259
(1999).
Cohniella jonesiana (Rchb.f.)
Christenson, Lindleyana 14: 177 (1999).
* Oncidium
jonesianum
Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 20: 781 (1883).
Cohniella
nuda
(Bateman
ex Lindl.) Christenson, Lindleyana 14:
177 (1999).
* Oncidium nudum Bateman
ex
Lindl.,
Edwards's Bot. Reg. 23: t. 1994 (1837).
Cohniella osteniana (Schltr.)
Christenson,
Lindleyana
14:
177
(1999).
* Oncidium ostenianum Schltr.,
Repert.
Spec.
Nov.
Regni
Veg. 21: 341 (1925).
Cohniella pongratziana (Königer)
Königer,
Arcula
10:
280
(2000).
* Stilifolium pongratzianum Königer,
Arcula
9:
261
(1999).
Cohniella
quekettioides (Rchb.f.) Pfitzer in H.G.A.Engler &
K.A.E.Prantl (eds.), Nat. Pflanzenfam. 51(6): 194 (1889).
* Cohnia quekettioides Rchb.f.,
Bot.
Zeitung
(Berlin)
10:
928 (1852).
Cohniella teres (Ames
&
C.Schweinf.)
Christenson,
Lindleyana
14: 177 (1999).
* Oncidium teres Ames
&
C.Schweinf., Schedul. Orchid. 8: 78 (1925).
Cohniella wittii (Oppenheim)
Senghas,
Schlechter
Orchideen
1/C(44-45):
2802 (2001).
* Oncidium wittii Oppenheim,
Orchis
10:
91
(1916).
Grandiphyllum
(Brazilian "mule-ears")
(11
species, distributed in 2 complexes and 2
alliances)
Species usually having
lenticular unifoliate pseudobulbs arranged on a short cespitous
rhizome; short or large opaque leaves (like ear-mule).
Grandiphyllum
divaricatum Complex
Species usually having large leaves (25
± 15 cm long); paniculate inflorescences with a triangular
multiflora rachis (50 to 200 flowers with a honey scent); flower's lip
always having a conspicuous pulvinule callus (trichomaceous elaiophore).
Grandiphyllum divaricatum (Lindl.)
Docha Neto, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 75 (2006).
* Oncidium divaricatum Lindl.,
Bot.
Reg.
13:
t.
1050
(1827).
Grandiphyllum
pulvinatum (Lindl.)
Docha Neto, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 76 (2006).
* Oncidium
pulvinatum
Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 24(Misc.): 61 (1838).
Grandiphyllum robustissimum
(Rchb.f.) Docha Neto, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 76 (2006).
* Oncidium
robustissimum
Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 1888(2): 352 (1888).
Grandiphyllum
sphegiferum (Lindl.)
Docha Neto, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 76 (2006).
* Oncidium
sphegiferum
Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 29(Misc.): 17 (1843).
Grandiphyllum
auricula Complex
Species
usually having medium size leaves (15 ± 5 cm long): only one
species has a raceme with few flowers (8 to 25 flowers); two species
having 4-6-branch paniculate inflorescence with a triangular rachis (20
to 50 flowers); flower's lip always having 3-5 toothed callus
surrounding an inconspicuous pulvinule (trichomaceous elaophores).
Grandiphyllum auricula (Vell.)
Docha Neto, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 75 (2006).
* Epidendrum auricula Vell.,
Fl.
Flumin.
9:
t.
31
(1831).
Grandiphyllum
pohlianum (Cogn.)
Docha Neto, Orchidstud. 2 (2-3): 42 (2007).
* Oncidium
pohlianum
Cogn., Fl. Bras. 3(6): 394 (1906).
Grandiphyllum
schunkianum
(Campacci
&
Cath.)
Campacci,
Colet.
Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 76 (2006).
* Oncidium schunkianum Campacci
&
Cath.,
Orquidário
5:
8 (1991).
Grandiphyllum
hians Alliance
Species having short leaves (10
± 5 cm long); usually pauciflorous (few flowered) raceme (5 to
10 flowers) or sometimes a pauciflorous 2-3-branch paniculate rachis
(10 to 15 small flowers); flower's lip has a toothed callus, sometimes
with an inconspicuous central trichomaceous elaiophore; column wings
never cover the lip's lateral lobes.
1. Species without
trichomaceous
elaiophore
Grandiphyllum
hians
(Lindl.)
Docha
Neto,
Colet.
Orquídeas
Brasil. 3: 75 (2006).
* Oncidium hians Lindl.,
Edwards's
Bot.
Reg.
24(Misc.):
65
(1838).
Note:
Grandiphyllum hians
is often mistakenly confused with Grandiphyllum
edwallii. G. edwallii
doesn’t occur in Minas Gerais state.
2. Species presenting
inconspicous trichomaceous elaiophore
Grandiphyllum
edwallii
(Cogn.) Docha Neto, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 75 (2006).
* Oncidium
edwallii Cogn.,
Fl. Bras. 3(6): 383 (1905).
Note:
Grandiphyllum edwallii is a rare endangered species that is
found occur in coastal range mountains (Serra do Mar - SP, PR and SC
Brazilian states).
Grandiphyllum kraenzlinianum
Alliance
Having short leaves (10 ± 5 cm
long); usually pauciflorous raceme is a rachis (5 to 10 small flowers);
flower's lip having an amorphous callus without elaiophore or a very
bright semi-circular epidermal elaiophore; Column has proportionally
long wings partially covering the lip's lateral lobes.
1. Species having amorphous callus on the
lip
Grandiphyllum
aberrans (Schltr.)
Docha Neto, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 75 (2006).
* Oncidium aberrans Schltr.,
Notizbl.
Bot.
Gart.
Berlin-Dahlem
7: 328 (1919).
2. Species having semi-circular epidermal
elaiophore on the lip
Grandiphyllum
kraenzlinianum (Cogn.) Docha Neto, Colet.
Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 75 (2006).
* Oncidium
kraenzlinianum Cogn., Fl. Bras. 3(4): 371 (1896).
Lophiaris
Lophiaris lanceana (Lindl.) Braem,
Schlechteriana 4: 17 (1993).
* Oncidium lanceanum Lindl.,
Trans. Hort. Soc. London, II, 2: 100 (1836).
B. Gomesa clade
Alatiglossum
1. A. barbatum Alliance (5 species)
Species
having ovate and obscurely tetragon-shaped monofoliate pseudobulbs;
flowers having elliptical petals.
Alatiglossum barbatum (Lindl.)
Baptista, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 87 (2006).
* Oncidium
barbatum
Lindl., Coll. Bot.: t. 27 (1821).
Alatiglossum
ciliatum (Lindl.)
Baptista, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 88 (2006).
* Oncidium
ciliatum
Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 200 (1833).
Alatiglossum fuscopetalum (Hoehne.)
Baptista,
Colet.
Orquídeas
Brasil.
3: 88 (2006).
* Oncidium
macropetalum
var. fuscopetalum Hoehne,
Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas
1: 61
(1910).
Alatiglossum micropogon (Rchb.f.)
Baptista, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 88 (2006).
* Oncidium
micropogon
Rchb.f., Bonplandia (Hannover) 2: 90 (1854).
Alatiglossum herzogii (Schltr.)
Docha Neto, Selbyana 28(1): 3. (2007).
* Oncidium
herzogii Schltr.,
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 494 (1913).
2. A. macropetalum Alliance (4
species)
Species
usually having ovate and obscurely tetragon-shaped monofoliate
pseudobulbs; only one species has fusiform bifoliate pseudobulbs;
flowers have large rounded petals.
Oncidium culuenense (Docha Neto
& Benelli) Königer, Arcula 16: 389 (2008).
3. A. longipes Alliance (1 complex;
3 species)
4. A. croesus Alliance (2 species)
Species
having fusiform pseudobulbs arranged on a cespitous rhizome; always
short few flowered raceme (3 to 8 flowers); flower's lip has a very
short isthmus.
Alatiglossum
bohnkianum (V.P.Castro
&
G.F.Carr)
Baptista,
Orchidstud.
2 (2-3): 41 (2007).
* Oncidium
bohnkianum
V.P.Castro & G.F.Carr, Orchid Digest 70: 88 (2006).
Alatiglossum croesus (Rchb.f.)
Baptista, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 88 (2006).
* Oncidium
croesus
Rchb.f., Hamburger Garten- Blumenzeitung 13: 314 (1857).
5. A. gracillimum Alliance (1
species)
Species
having
a
flower's
lip
with panduriform intermediate lobe.
Alatiglossum gracillimum
(Cogn.) ined.
*Oncidium gracillimum Cogn., Fl.
Bras. 3(6): 401 (1906), nom. illeg.
Baptistonia
(21 species; 13 alliances; 1 natural hybrid)
Note:
The four descriptions enhanced with
lilac color represent species that have anther cap with a unique
anterior rostrum (without two lateral appendixes).
1. B.
cornigera
Alliance
(2
species)
Species having distinct series of
callosities arranged in two longitudinal groups, intermediate lobe
without callosities.
A. Proximal
series of longitudinal callosities
always long horned; front of anther cap has two pubescent
appendixes.
Baptistonia cornigera (Lindl.)
Chiron & V.P.Castro, Richardiana 4: 117 (2004).
* Oncidium
cornigerum
Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 18: t. 1542 (1832).
B. Proximal series of
longitudinal callosities not horned; front of anther cap without
appendixes, only a rostrum.
Baptistonia sarcodes (Lindl.)
Chiron & V.P.Castro, Richardiana 4: 118 (2004).
* Oncidium
sarcodes
Lindl., J. Hort. Soc. London 4: 266 (1849).
2. B. silvana Alliance (1
species)
Species having distinct series of
callosities arranged in three longitudinal groups of extending over
intermediate lobe; no horned callosities; front of anther cap has two
pubescent appendixes; flowers predominantly orange-reddish.
Baptistonia silvana (V.P.Castro
&
Campacci)
V.P.Castro
&
Chiron, Richardiana 4: 118 (2004).
* Oncidium
silvanum V.P.Castro & Campacci, Orquidário 5(3): 22
(1991).
3. B.
pubes
Alliance
(2 complexes; 4 species)
Species having distinct series
of bright callosities arranged in four longitudinal groups extending
over intermediate lobe (the second series from the base always short
horned); flower's lip base with a medium size unguicle; simple narrow
lateral lobes that are always arranged perpendicular to longitudinal
median line; long narrow isthmus (area between lateral lobes and
intermediate or medial lobe long); front of anther cap has two
appendixes.
Baptistonia
pubes Complex
Very narrow deflexing (downward pointing)
lateral lobes.
Baptistonia pubes (Lindl.) Chiron
& V.P.Castro, Richardiana 4: 118 (2004).
* Oncidium
pubes
Lindl., Bot. Reg. 12: t. 1007 (1826).
Baptistonia lietzei (Regel) Chiron
& V.P.Castro, Richardiana 4: 118 (2004).
* Oncidium
lietzei Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 387
(1880).
Baptistonia
cruciata Complex
Plain
lateral
lobes.
A. Very narrow lateral lobes.
Baptistonia cruciata (Rchb.f.)
Chiron & V.P.Castro, Richardiana 4: 117 (2004).
* Oncidium
cruciatum
Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 9: 138 (1878).
B. Large lateral lobes.
Baptistonia gutfreundiana (Chiron
& V.P.Castro) Chiron & V.P.Castro, Richardiana 4: 117 (2004).
* Oncidium
gutfreundianum Chiron & V.P.Castro, Richardiana 3: 122
(2003).
4. B.
brieniana
Alliance
(2
complexes; 4 species)
Species having distinct series
of callosities arranged in four longitudinal groups extending over
intermediate lobe (the second series from the base always short
horned); flower's lip base with a medium size unguicle; broad lateral
lobes lie in same plane or angle forward; short lip isthmus with a
toothed border between lateral lobes and medial lobe; front of anther
cap has two appendixes.
Baptistonia
brieniana Complex
Large plain
lateral
lobes; scaly indistinct callosities.
Baptistonia brieniana (Rchb.f.)
V.P.Castro & Chiron, Richardiana 4: 117 (2004).
* Oncidium
brienianum
Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 15: 40 (1881).
Baptistonia
leinigii (Pabst)
Chiron & V.P.Castro, Richardiana 4: 118 (2004).
* Oncidium
leinigii
Pabst, Bradea 1: 182 (1972).
Baptistonia
riograndense Complex
Large oblique forward curling lateral lobes;
distinct callosities.
Baptistonia riograndense (Cogn.)
Chiron & V.P.Castro, Richardiana 4: 118 (2004).
* Oncidium
riograndense
Cogn., Fl. Bras. 3(6): 446 (1906).
Baptistonia pabstii (Campacci
& C.Espejo) Chiron & V.P.Castro, Richardiana 4(3): 118 (2004).
* Oncidium
pabstii
Campacci & C.Espejo, Orquideophilo 6(2): 35 (1998).
Note:
O. x cassolanum was originally
described as a natural hybrid between B. cornigera and B. albini.
However we believe this species isn't a hybrid but actually a synonym
of Baptistonia
riograndense.
5. B.
widgrenii
Alliance
(1 species)
Species having very verrucose
callosities arranged in regular series extending over intermediate
lobe; medium size basal unguicle; lateral lobes curl forward from
longitudinal median line; front of anther cap has two pubescent
appendixes.
Baptistonia widgrenii (Lindl.)
V.P.Castro & Chiron, Richardiana 4: 119 (2004).
* Oncidium
widgrenii
Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 6: 17 (1855).
6. B. velteniana Alliance (1
species)
Species having scale-like and
thorn-like callosities irregularly mixed; flat triangular lateral lobes.
Baptistonia
velteniana V.P.Castro & Chiron,
Richardiana
5(2): 80 (2005).
7. B.
uhlii
Alliance
(1 species)
Species having very short lateral
lobes; elevated triangular clinandrium; front of anther cap has two
long narrow appendixes.
Baptistonia uhlii Chiron
& V.P.Castro, Richardiana 6(1): 21 (2006).
8. B. truncata Alliance (2
species)
Species
having short ligular lateral lobes; intermediate lobe sub-quadratic.
1.
Species
having
horn-like
callosities;
front of anther cap has only one
long rostrum; flowers predominantly white.
Baptistonia truncata (Pabst)
Chiron & V.P.Castro, Richardiana 4: 118 (2004).
* Oncidium
truncatum
Pabst, Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 17: 45 (1955).
2. Species without horn-like
callosities; front of anther cap has two short appendixes; flowers
predominantly yellow.
Baptistonia kaustskyi (Pabst)
V.P.Castro & Chiron, Richardiana 4: 118 (2004).
* Oncidium
kautskyi
Pabst, Bradea 2: 90 (1976).
9. B. nitida Alliance (1
species)
Species
having
distinct
series
of
bright callosities arranged in three
longitudinal groups extending over intermediate lobe; no horned
callosities; short triangular lateral lobes always arranged obliquely
to longitudinal median line; front of anther cap has only one short
rostrum; flowers predominantly yellow.
Baptistonia nitida (Barb.Rodr.)
V.P.Castro & Chiron, Richardiana 4: 118 (2004).
* Oncidium
nitidum
Barb.Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 2: 193 (1881).
10. B.
pulchella Alliance (1 species)
Species having pubescent longitudinal
callosities. No hornlike callosities; large lateral lobes; front of
anther cap has two pubescent appendixes.; flowers predominantly white.
Baptistonia pulchella (Regel)
Chiron & V.P.Castro, Richardiana 4(3): 118 (2004).
* Waluewa
pulchella
Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterb. Bot. Sada 11: 309 (1890).
11. B.
colorata
Alliance
(1
species)
Species
having
long
unguiculate
sepals
and petals; lateral sepals not connate;
lip lateral lobes curling forward; short intermediate lobe; front of
anther cap has two pubescent appendixes.
Baptistonia colorata (Königer
& J.G. Weinm.) Docha Neto, Orchidstud.2 (2-3): 41 (2007).
* Oncidium
coloratum
Königer & J.G.Weinm.bis, Arcula 2: 51 (1994).
12. B. echinata Alliance (1
species)
Species having semi-circular large
lateral lobes; two parallel arranged horns; very bright callosities;
front of anther cap has two pubescent appendixes.
Baptistonia echinata Barb.Rodr.,
Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1: 95 (1877).
13. B. venusta Alliance (1
species)
Species having rounded lateral
lobes; bright verrucose callosities; elliptical emarginate intermediate
lip lobe; front of anther cap has only one short rostrum.
Baptistonia venusta (Drapiez)
Docha Neto, Orchidstud. 2 (2-3): 41-42 (2007).
* Oncidium
venustum
Drapiez, Hort. Belge 3: 28 (1836).
14. Natural hybrid accepted (1
hybrid)
Baptistonia x regentii
V.P. Castro & Chiron, Richardiana 5(4): 169-193 (2005).
Note:
B.
x regentii, according
to the authors, is a natural hybrid between B. silvana and B. gutfreundiana.
Brasilidium
(7
species; 2 alliances; 3 natural hybrids; 2 unclear species)
1. B. crispum
Alliance (4
species and 1 complex)
Species having inferiorly connected
longitudinal callus with hooknose-shape.
Brasilidium
crispum Complex
Species having well-delineated
vertical-elliptical stigmatic aperture.
Brasilidium
crispum (Lodd.
ex Lindl.) Campacci, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 78 (2006).
* Oncidium
crispum Lodd.,
Bot. Cab.
19: t. 1854 (1832).
Brasilidium gravesianum (Rolfe) Campacci,
Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 79 (2006).
* Oncidium gravesianum Rolfe, Gard. Chron. 1892(1): 650 (1892).
Brasilidium praetextum (Rchb.f.)
Campacci, Colet. Orq. Brasil. 3: 79 (2006).
* Oncidium
praetextum
Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 1873: 1206 (1873).
Other
species
in
B.
crispum
Alliance
Brasilidium marshallianum (Rchb.f.)
Campacci Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 79 (2006).
* Oncidium
marshallianum
Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 1866: 682 (1866).
2. B. forbesii
Alliance (3
species)
Species presenting inferior connected
callosity of the lip divided into two divergent callus.
Brasilidium forbesii (Hook.)
Campacci, Colet. Orq. Brasil. 3: 79 (2006).
* Oncidium
forbesii
Hook., Bot. Mag. 65: t. 3705 (1839).
Brasilidium
gardneri
(Lindl.) Campacci, Colet. Orq. Brasil. 3: 79 (2006).
* Oncidium
gardneri
Lindl., London J. Bot. 2: 662 (1843).
Brasilidium zappii (Pabst)
Campacci, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 79 (2006).
* Oncidium
zappii
Pabst, Bradea 2(22): 3 (1976).
3. Natural hybrids
accepted (3 hybrids)
Brasilidium x litum
(Rchb.f) Campacci,
Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 78 (2006).
* Oncidium
x litum
Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 20:328 (1883).
Note:
Brasilidium
x
litum
is
a hybrid involving B. crispum
Complex and B. forbesii.
Brasilidium
x colnagoi (Pabst) Campacci, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil.
3: 79 (2006).
* Oncidium
× colnagoi Pabst,
Bradea
2(22): 4 (1976).
Note:
Brasilidium
x
colnagoi
is a hybrid involving B. forbesii
and B. zappii.
B. x scullyi
(Pabst & A.F.Mello)
Campacci, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 79
(2006).
* Oncidium
x
scullyi
Pabst & A.F. Mello, Bradea 2: 187 (1977).
Note:
Brasilidium
x
scullyiis is a hybrid involving B. gravesianum and B. curtum.
4.
Species classification not
clear (2
species)
Brasilidium
pectorale (Lindl.) Campacci, Colet. Orquídeas
Brasil. 3: 79 (2006).
* Oncidium
pectorale
Lindl., Sert. Orchid.: t. 39 (1840).
Note: according Rolfe (Orch. Rev. 1,
299) possible natural hybrid of a B. forbesii and B.
marshallianum.
Brasilidium riviereanum
(St.-Lég.) Campacci, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 79
(2006).
* Oncidium
riviereanum
St.-Lég., Rev. Hort. Belge Étrangère 30: 144
(1904).
Carenidium
(5 species; 3
alliances)
Flowers always having longitudinal lamellate
callosities on the lip. Only one species having a hairy callus.
1. C. concolor Alliance (3
species)
Species having two longitudinal
lamellate callosities on the lip.
Carenidium concolor Complex
Carenidium concolor (Hook.)
Baptista, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 91 (2006).
* Oncidium
concolor
Hook., Bot. Mag. 66: t. 3752 (1839).
Carenidium ottonis (Schltr.) Docha
Neto & L.F. Varella, Orchidstud. 2 (2-3): 42 (2007).
* Oncidium
ottonis
Schltr., Orchis 8: 61 (1914).
Other
species in C. concolor Alliance (1
species)
Carenidium gracile (Lindl.)
Baptista, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 91 (2006).
* Oncidium gracile
Lindl.,
Edwards's
Bot. Reg. 23: t. 1920 (1837).
2. C. dasytyle
Alliance (1
species)
Species having hairy callus.
Carenidium dasytyle (Rchb.f.)
Baptista, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 91 (2006).
* Oncidium
dasytyle
Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 1873: 253 (1873).
3. C. itapetingense Alliance (1
species)
Species having very narrow
lamellate
longitudinal callus.
Carenidium
itapetingense (V.P.Castro & Chiron) Baptista, Colet.
Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 91 (2006).
* Oncidium itapetingense V.P.Castro
&
Chiron,
Richardiana
3:
125 (2003).
Coppensia
(25 species; 1 unclear species)
1. Epiphytic (7 species; 2 alliances; 1 complex)
C.
flexuosa Alliance (3 species; 1 complex)
Species having separate pseudobulbs
arranged on a long
scandent
rhizome; arched long inflorescence with apical panicle.
Species usually
having reddish,
slightly compressed,
pseudobulbs; verrucose lip callus without trichomaceous elaiophores
=> C. warmingii.
Coppensia
warmingii (Rchb.f.) Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 57 (2006).
* Oncidium warmingii Rchb.f.,
Otia
Bot. Hamburg.: 86 (1881).
Coppensia
flexuosa Complex (2 species)
Species
presenting
very
compressed
pseudobulbs;
proximal callus of the lip
always hairy (with trichomaceous elaiophores).
Coppensia flexuosa (Lodd.)
Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 55 (2006).
* Oncidium
flexuosum
Lodd., Bot. Cab. 5: t. 424 (1820).
Coppensia majevskyi
(Toscano & V.P.Castro) Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 55 (2006).
* Oncidium
majevskyi
Toscano & V.P.Castro, Bradea 3: 349 (1983).
C.
bifolia Alliance (5
species)
Species having ovoid slightly
compressed pseudobulbs arranged on cespitous rhizome; arched long or
short inflorescence with apical panicle; verrucose callus and also
frequently digitiform calli on the lip.
Coppensia bifolia (Sims) Dumort.,
Nouv. Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 9: 10 (1835).
* Oncidium
bifolium
Sims, Bot. Mag. 36: t. 1491 (1812).
Coppensia
orthostates (Ridl.) Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 56 (2006).
* Oncidium orthostates Ridl.,
Trans.
Linn.
Soc.
London,
Bot. 2: 283 (1887).
Coppensia varicosa (Lindl.)
Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 56 (2006).
* Oncidium
varicosum
Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 23: t. 1920 (1837).
Notes:
1. Despite the largely different coloration of Oncidium insigne, we
feel evidence leads us to believe it is an aberrant recessive form of
Coppensia varicosa. Crossings with C. varicosa and Oncidium insigne
reverted to the dominant form in both cases, either having O. insigne
as a father or as a mother, furthermore it is found in the geographic
location where there are large populations of Coppensia varicosa.
2. The species described as Oncidium euxantinum has a slight different
callus. Plants of O. euxantinum are always found mixed with other
plants of Coppensia varicosa. We feel it is an example of normal
morphologic differences within the species, as often can be found in
any large group of individuals.
Coppensia viperina (Lindl.)
Campacci,
Bol.
CAOB
62:
57 (2006).
* Oncidium viperinum Lindl.,
Gen.
Sp.
Orchid.
Pl.:
197
(1833).
Coppensia
williamsii
(Schltr.) Campacci, Bol.
CAOB 62: 57
(2006).
* Oncidium williamsii Schltr.,
Repert.
Spec.
Nov.
Regni
Veg. 10: 459 (1912).
2. Geophytic or Lithophytic
(always humicolous)
(17 species; 3 Alliances; 3 Complexes)
Coppensia
ramosa Complex (7 species in only one
complex)
Ovate slightly compressed 2-3-4-foliate
robust pseudobulbs; always multifloriferous with erect inflorescences
with 10-15-branch apical panicle rachis (60-150 flowers); verrucose
callus and also frequently digitiform calli on the lip.
Coppensia adamantina (Marçal
& Cath.) ?
* Oncidium
adamantinum Marçal
& Cath., Richardiana 6: 119 (2006).
Coppensia
caldensis (Rchb.f.) Docha Neto, Orchidstudium 1: 3 (2006).
* Oncidium caldense
Rchb.f., Linnaea 22: 846
(1850).
Coppensia mantiqueirensis Campacci, Colet. de Orq.
Bras. 5: 146-149 (2007).
Coppensia paranapiacabensis
(Hoehne) Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 56 (2006).
* Oncidium
paranapiacabense Hoehne, Arq. Bot. Estado São Paulo,
n.s., f.m.,
1(1): 21 (1938).
Coppensia pontagrossensis
(Campacci) Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 56 (2006).
* Oncidium
pontagrossense Campacci, Orquideophilo 6(2): 34, (1998).
Coppensia ramosa (Lindl.) Campacci,
Bol. CAOB 62: 56 (2006).
* Oncidium
ramosum
Lindl., Bot. Regist. 23: sub t. 1920 (1837).
C.
isoptera Alliance (8 species; 1 complex)
Medium to large size ovate 2-3-foliate
pseudobulbs slightly compressed; erect or slightly arched inflorescence
with usually paucifloriferous raceme rachis (10-16 flowers) or rarely
2-3-branch apical panicle rachis (20-30 flowers); always verrucose
callus on the lip.
Coppensia doniana (Batem. ex W.
Baxter) Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 55 (2006).
* Oncidium
donianum
Bateman ex W.Baxter, Suppl. Hort. Brit.: 598 (1850).
Coppensia edmundoi (Pabst)
Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 55 (2006).
* Oncidium edmundoi Pabst,
Bradea
1:
172
(1972).
Coppensia isoptera (Lindl.)
Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 55 (2006).
* Oncidium isopterum Lindl.,
Edwards's
Bot.
Reg.
23:
t. 1920 (1837).
Coppensia spiloptera (Lindl.)
Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 56 (2006).
* Oncidium
spilopterum
Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 30(Misc.): 75 (1844).
Coppensia
hydrophila Complex (4 species)ph
Coppensia chapadensis (V.P.Castro
& Campacci) Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 55 (2006).
* Oncidium chapadense V.P.Castro
&
Campacci,
Orquidário
6:
150 (1992).
Coppensia hydrophila (Barb. Rodr.)
Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 55 (2006).
* Oncidium
hydrophilum
Barb.Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1: 92 (1877).
Oncidium hydrophilum
var. immaculatum L.C.Menezes,
Schlechteriana 2: 49 (1991).
Coppensia rupestris Docha Neto,
Orchidstud. 2(1): 1 (2007).
Coppensia sincorana Campacci
& Catharino, Bol. CAOB 64: 125-127 (2006).
C. barbaceniae
Alliance (2 species; 1 complex)
Small
to medium size spherical or rarely
ovate-fusiform
2-3-foliate
pseudobulbs; erect or slightly arched inflorescence
with usually pauciflora raceme rachis (10-16
flowers) or rarely 2-3-branch apical panicle rachis (20-30 flowers); always
lamellate
callus
on
the
lip (without verrucose callus).
Coppensia
barbaceniae Complex (2 species in only one complex)
Small to medium size spherical or
rarely ovate-fusiform 2-3-foliate pseudobulbs; erect or slightly arched
inflorescence with usually few flowered raceme, rachis (10-16 flowers)
or rarely 2-3-branch apical panicle rachis (20-30 flowers); always
lamellate callus on the lip (without verrucose callus).
Coppensia barbaceniae
(Lindl.)
Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 54 (2006).
* Oncidium
barbaceniae
Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 6: 32 (1855).
Coppensia montana (Barb.Rodr.)
Campacci, Bol. CAOB 62: 56 (2006).
* Oncidium
montanum
Barb.Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1: 93 (1877).
Species not clear (1
species)
Coppensia pirarensis (Rchb.f.)
Campacci,
Bol.
CAOB
62:
56 (2006).
* Oncidium pirarense Rchb.f.,
Linnaea
22:
846
(1850).
Ampliglossum pirarense (Rchb.f.) Campacci, Colet.
Orquídeas
Brasil. 3: 85 (2006).
Rhinocidium (7 species; 3 alliances; 1
complex)
Rhinocidium species have ovoid-fusiform
pseudobulbs and usually have aerial roots; small flowers (ca. 0,5 - 1
cm) usually have bright epidermal elaiophore callosities on flower's
lip; only one species has trichomaceous elaiophore callosities on
flower's lip.
R. longicornu Alliance (3 species)
Species always having large proximal callus
and also one-horned callus on the lip.
Rhinocidium
longicornu Complex (2
species)
Species presenting long one-horned callus;
proximal
callus
always
saddle shape (epidermal elaiophore).
Rhinocidium longicornu (Mutel)
Baptista, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 93 (2006).
* Oncidium
longicornu
Mutel, Mém. Scarpe, Oct.: 13 (1838).
Rhinocidium macronyx (Rchb.f.)
Baptista, Colet. Orquídeas Brasil. 3: 93 (2006).
* Oncidium
macronyx
Rchb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg.: 95 (1881).
Other species in R.
longicornu Alliance (1 species)
Species having short one-horned
callus; proximal callus large; semi-circular anterior gross column
basis (infra stigmatic tabula).
Rhinocidium disciferum (Lindl.)
Docha
Neto,
Orchidstud.
2
(2-3):
42 (2007).
* Oncidium
disciferum
Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 6: 24 (1855).
R. raniferum Alliance (3 species)
Species having only bright callosities
(epidermal elaiophores) without one-horned callus.
Rhinocidium
ouricanense (V.P.Castro & Campacci) Docha Neto,
Orchidstud. 2 (2-3): 42 (2007).
* Oncidium
ouricanense
V.P.Castro & Campacci, Bol.
CAOB 4(1): 17 (1992).
Rhinocidium raniferum (Lindl.)
Baptista, Orchidstud. 2 (2-3): 42 (2007).
* Oncidium raniferum Lindl.,
Edwards's Bot. Reg. 23: t. 1920 (1837).
Rhinocidium welteri (Pabst)
Baptista, Orchidstud. 2 (2-3): 42 (2007).
* Oncidium
welteri
Pabst, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 14: 25 (1956).
R. paranaense Alliance (1 species)
Species having epidermal and trichomaceous
elaiophores.
Rhinocidium paranaense (Kraenzl.)
Docha Neto, Orchidstud. 2 (2-3): 42 (2007).
* Oncidium
paranaense Kraenzl.,
Kongl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl. 46(10): 84 (1911).
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Other oncidioid genera
(only genera which
have photostudy)
Gomesa
Rodrigueziella
Rodrigueziopsis
Ornithophora
Ornithophora radicans (Rchb.f.)
Garay & Pabst, Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 13: 50 (1951).
* Sigmatostalix radicans
Rchb.f. in W.G.Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. 6: 859 (1864).
Capanemia (not finished)
Rodriguezia (not finished)
Rodriguezia
sticta M.W.Chase,
Lindleyana 2: 112 (1987).
*
Burlingtonia
maculata Lindl.,
Edwards's Bot. Reg. 25: 44 (1839).
Solenidium (not finished)
Solenidium lunatum (Lindl.)
Schltr., Orchideen: 525 (1914).
* Oncidium lunatum
Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 23: t. 1929 (1837).
Erycina group
Erycina
Erycina pumilio (Rchb.f.)
N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase, Lindleyana 16: 136 (2001).
* Oncidium pumilio Rchb.f.,
Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 10: 697 (1852).
Erycina pusilla (L.) N.H.Williams
& M.W.Chase, Lindleyana 16: 136 (2001).
* Epidendrum pusillum L., Sp.
Pl. ed. 2: 1352 (1763).
Ornithocephalus clade
Zygostates
Centroglossa (not
finished)
Centroglossa
castellensis Brade,
Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 9: 12 (1949).
Centroglossa macroceras Barb.Rodr.,
Gen. Spec. Orchid. 2: 235 (1881).
Centroglossa
nunes-limae Porto
& Brade, Anais Reunião Sul-Amer. Bot. 3: 41 (1938 publ.
1940).
Centroglossa
tripollinica
(Barb.Rodr.) Barb.Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 2: 235 (1881).
* Ornithocephalus
tripollinicus Barb.Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1: 136 (1877).
Chytroglossa (not finished)
Chytroglossa aurata Rchb.f.,
Hamburger
Garten-
Blumenzeitung
19:
546 (1863).
Chytroglossa
marileoniae Rchb.f., Hamburger Garten-Blumenzeitung 19: 546
(1863).
Brassia clade
Aspasia (not finished)
Aspasia lunata Lindl., Edwards's
Bot. Reg. 22: t. 1907 (1836).
Miltonia (not finished)
Miltonia flavescens (Lindl.)
Lindl., Sert. Orchid.: t. 48 (1841).
* Cyrtochilum
flavescens Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 19: t. 1627 (1834).
Miltonia
russelliana (Lindl.) Lindl., Sert. Orchid.: t. 48 (1841).
* Oncidium russellianum Lindl., Edwards's
Bot. Reg. 22: t. 1830 (1836).
Warmingia (not finished)
Warmingia eugenii Rchb.f., Otia
Bot. Hamburg.: 87 (1881).
Brazilian Twig Clade
Notylia (not finished)
Non Brazilian Oncidioid
Chelyorchis (not finished)
Chelyorchis ampliata (Lindl.)
Dressler & N.H.Williams in G.A.Romero & G.Carnevali, Orchids
Venezuela, ed. 2: 1130 (2000).
* Oncidium ampliatum Lindl.,
Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 202 (1833).
|
Other genera
(only genera which have photostudy)
Maxillariinae
->
Bifrenaria
alliance
Bifrenaria (not
finished)
Bifrenaria harrisoniae (Hook.)
Rchb.f., Bonplandia (Hannover) 3: 217 (1855).
* Dendrobium harrisoniae
Hook., Exot. Fl. 2: t. 120 (1824).
Maxillariinae
-> Brasiliorchis alliance
Brasiliorchis chrysantha
(Barb.Rodr.) R. Singer, S. Koehler & Carnevali, Novon 17 (1):
91–99. (2007).
* Maxillaria chrysantha
Barb.Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1: 115 (1877).
Brasiliorchis gracilis (Lodd.)
R.B.Singer, S.Koehler & Carnevali, Novon 17: 96 (2007).
* Maxillaria gracilis Lodd., Bot.
Cab. 19: t. 1837 (1832).
Brasiliorchis kautskyi (Pabst) R.
Singer, S. Koehler & Carnevali, Novon 17 (1): 91–99. (2007)
* Maxillaria
kautskyi Pabst, Bradea 1: 181 (1972).
Brasiliorchis marginata (Lindl. R.
Singer, S. Koehler & Carnevali, Novon 17 (1): 91–99. (2007)
* Cymbidium
marginatum Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 18: t. 1530 (1833).
Brasiliorchis phoenicanthera
(Barb.Rodr.) R. Singer, S. Koehler & Carnevali, Novon 17 (1):
91–99. (2007).
* Maxillaria
phoenicanthera Barb.Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 2: 200 (1881).
Brasiliorchis picta (Hook.) R.
Singer, S. Koehler & Carnevali, Novon 17 (1): 91–99. (2007).
* Maxillaria picta Hook., Bot. Mag. 59: t. 3154 (1832).
Brasiliorchis schunkiana (Campacci
& Kautsky) R. Singer, S. Koehler & Carnevali, Novon 17 (1):
91–99. (2007).
* Maxillaria schunkiana
Campacci & Kautsky, Orquidário 7: 136 (1993).
Maxillariinae
-> Maxillaria alliance
Maxillaria lindleyana Schltr.,
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 9: 162 (1921).
* Maxillaria crocea Lindl.,
Edwards's Bot. Reg. 21: t. 1749 (1835), nom. illeg.
Maxillariinae
-> Mormolyca alliance
Mormolyca cleistogama (Brieger
& Illg) M.A.Blanco, Lankesteriana 7(1-2), 531 (2007).
* Maxillaria cleistogama
Brieger & Illg, Trab. Congr. Nac. Bot. 26: 247 (1977).
Mormolyca rufescens (Lindl.)
M.A.Blanco & Carnevali, Lankesteriana 7(1-2), 531 (2007).
* Maxillaria
rufescens Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 22: t. 1848 (1836).
Maxillariinae
-> Christensonella alliance
Christensonella ferdinandiana
(Barb.Rodr.), Szlach., Mytnik, Górniak & Smiszek, Polish
Bot. Journal 51(1): 58 (2006).
* Maxillaria
ferdinandiana Barb.Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 2: 204 (1881).
Christensonella vernicosa
(Barb.Rodr.), Szlach., Mytnik, Górniak & Smiszek, Polish
Bot. Journal 51(1): 59 (2006).
* Maxillaria
vernicosa Barb.Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1: 121 (1877).
Laeliinae
Anacheilium (not finished)
Anacheilium
allemanii (Barb.Rodr.) Pabst, Moutinho & A.V.Pinto, Bradea
3: 182 (1981).
* Epidendrum allemanii
Barb.Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1: 54 (1877).
Anacheilium
allemanoides (Hoehne) Pabst, Moutinho & A.V.Pinto, Bradea
3: 182 (1981).
* Epidendrum allemanoides
Hoehne, Bol. Agric. (São Paulo) 34: 616 (1933 publ. 1934).
Encyclia (not finished)
Encyclia euosma (Rchb.f.) Porto
& Brade, Rodriguésia 1(2): 29 (1935).
* Epidendrum euosmum Rchb.f.,
Linnaea 41: 79 (1876).
Encyclia gallopavina (Rchb.f.)
Porto & Brade, Rodriguésia 1(2): 29 (1935).
* Epidendrum gallopavinum
Rchb.f., Bonplandia (Hannover) 3: 219 (1855).
Encyclia oncidioides (Lindl.)
Schltr., Orchideen: 210 (1914).
* Epidendrum oncidioides
Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 19: t. 1623 (1833).
Encyclia seidelii Pabst, Bradea 2:
81 (1976).
Schomburgkia
Schomburgkia
superbiens
(Lindl.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 25: 49 (1917).
* Laelia superbiens Lindl., Edwards's
Bot. Reg. 26(Misc.): 46 (1840).
Constantia (not finished)
Constantia cipoensis
Porto & Brade, Arq. Inst. Biol. Veg. 2: 208 (1935).
Epidendrum (not finished)
Epidendrum campestre Lindl.,
Edwards's Bot. Reg. 30(Misc.): 17 (1844).
Epidendrum chlorinum Barb.Rodr.,
Gen. Spec. Orchid. 2: 139 (1881).
* Epidendrum chloranthum
Barb.Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1: 55 (1877), nom. illeg.
Epidendrum cinnabarinum
Salzm. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 106 (1831).
Epidendrum cristatum
Ruiz & Pav., Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. Chil.: 243 (1798).
Epidendrum dendrobioides Thunb.,
Pl. Bras. 2: 17 (1818).
Note: Despite some authors are considering Epidendrum aquaticum Lindl. a valid
species we believe this is only a variation that can be found in all
species that have a large distribution area so we have been considered
a synonym of E. dendrobioides.
Epidendrum
fulgens Brongn. in L.I.Duperrey, Voy. Monde: 196 (1834).
Epidendrum geniculatum Barb.Rodr.,
Gen. Spec. Orchid. 2: 146 (1881).
Epidendrum puniceoluteum
F.Pinheiro & F.Barros, Hoehnea 33(2): 247 (2006).
Dichaea brachyphylla
Rchb.f., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 328 (1859).
Cirrhaea (not finished)
Cirrhaea fuscolutea
Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 18: t. 1538 (1833).
Octomeria (not finished)
Octomeria leptophylla Barb.Rodr.,
Gen. Spec. Orchid. 2: 112 (1881).
* Octomeria teretifolia
Barb.Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1: 32 (1877), nom. illeg.
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