According to a recent phylogenetic analysis of DNA regions for species of Maxillariinae published in Lankesteriana 7(3): 515-537, 2007, by Blanco, Carnevali, Whitten, Singer, Koehler, N.H. Williams, Ojeda, Neubig and Endara, the genus Maxillaria is grossly polyphyletic.

A new classification for core Maxillariinae recognizes 17 genera. The changes are:

1. recognition of the recent segregate Brasiliorchis (Max. sect. Repentes).
2. synonymizing of Adamanthus, Pseudomaxillaria, Psittacoglossum, and Sepalosaccus under Camaridium.
3. recognition of the recent segregate Christensonella (Max. sect. Urceolatae).
4. synonymizing of Anthosiphon under Cryptocentrum.
5. synonymizing of Dicrypta, Marsupiaria, and Pentulops under Heterotaxis.
6. adoption of the new genus Inti (Max. sect. Polyphyllae).
7. adoption of the new genus Mapinguari.
8. adoption of the new genus Maxillariella (Max. sect. Ebulbes and Erectae).
9. transfers from Maxillaria sect. Rufescens and synonymizing of Chrysocycnis under Mormolyca.
10. recognition of the recent segregate Nitidobulbon.
11. transfers from Maxillaria sect. Reflexae and synonymizing of Laricorchis, Neo-urbania, and Siagonanthus under Ornithidium.
12. adoption of the new genus Rhetinantha.
13. recognition of recent segregate Sauvetrea (Max. sect. Trigonae), but recircumscribed.
14. Trigonidium, Pitiphyllum and Cyrtidiorchis also belong to this group of genera.